KAdding, Taking Away and Teen NumbersK.OA.A.5

Quick Facts within 5

Add and subtract within 5 quickly.

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You can solve story problems and break numbers apart. Now let’s get quick with small facts.

$2 + 3 = 5$. One full row of a ten frame is 5.

Key idea

Facts within 5 can become quick to know, like your own name. One hand is 5 fingers, so your hand can help.

Why it works

When small facts are quick, your mind is free for bigger problems. And every fact within 5 fits on one hand.

Worked example: Take one away

What is $4 - 1$?
  1. Show 4 fingers.
  2. Put 1 down.
  3. 3 are up: $4 - 1 = 3$.

Answer: 3

Worked example: Put together

What is $2 + 3$?
  1. Show 2 fingers, then 3 more.
  2. That is one whole hand: 5.
  3. $2 + 3 = 5$

Answer: 5

For grown-ups: Play quick, short games in the car or at the table: “What is 2 and 2? What is 5 take away 1?” Stop while it is still fun.

Practice

Pass with 3 right answers, the last 2 in a row. Each right answer earns 1 XP.

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Sources and further reading

  • Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, Kindergarten, K.OA.A.5: fluently add and subtract within 5
  • Institute of Education Sciences practice guide: Teaching Math to Young Children (NCEE 2014-4005)
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