Latin core word #103 · verb · 158 times in the New Testament
cognōscō
kog-NOHS-kohcognōscō, cognōscere, cognōvī, cognitum — know, recognize, learn
- 3rd conjugation; perfect cognōvī ‘I know (have come to know)’.
- Short forms: cognōstī, cognōsse.
Forms in bold occur in the New Testament; the others complete the pattern. A dash (—) marks a form that does not exist.
Indicative active
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Perfect | Pluperfect | Future perfect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | cognōscō | cognōscēbam | cognōscam | cognōvī | cognōveram | cognōverō |
| 2 sg | cognōscis | cognōscēbās | cognōscēs | cognōvistī | cognōverās | cognōveris |
| 3 sg | cognōscit | cognōscēbat | cognōscet | cognōvit | cognōverat | cognōverit |
| 1 pl | cognōscimus | cognōscēbāmus | cognōscēmus | cognōvimus | cognōverāmus | cognōverimus |
| 2 pl | cognōscitis | cognōscēbātis | cognōscētis | cognōvistis | cognōverātis | cognōveritis |
| 3 pl | cognōscunt | cognōscēbant | cognōscent | cognōvērunt | cognōverant | cognōverint |
Subjunctive active
| Present | Imperfect | Perfect | Pluperfect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | cognōscam | cognōscerem | cognōverim | cognōvissem |
| 2 sg | cognōscās | cognōscerēs | cognōverīs | cognōvissēs |
| 3 sg | cognōscat | cognōsceret | cognōverit | cognōvisset |
| 1 pl | cognōscāmus | cognōscerēmus | cognōverīmus | cognōvissēmus |
| 2 pl | cognōscātis | cognōscerētis | cognōverītis | cognōvissētis |
| 3 pl | cognōscant | cognōscerent | cognōverint | cognōvissent |
Indicative passive
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Perfect | Pluperfect | Future perfect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | cognōscor | cognōscēbar | cognōscar | cognitus sum | cognitus eram | cognitus erō |
| 2 sg | cognōsceris | cognōscēbāris | cognōscēris | cognitus es | cognitus erās | cognitus eris |
| 3 sg | cognōscitur | cognōscēbātur | cognōscētur | cognitus est | cognitus erat | cognitus erit |
| 1 pl | cognōscimur | cognōscēbāmur | cognōscēmur | cognitī sumus | cognitī erāmus | cognitī erimus |
| 2 pl | cognōsciminī | cognōscēbāminī | cognōscēminī | cognitī estis | cognitī erātis | cognitī eritis |
| 3 pl | cognōscuntur | cognōscēbantur | cognōscentur | cognitī sunt | cognitī erant | cognitī erunt |
Subjunctive passive
| Present | Imperfect | Perfect | Pluperfect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | cognōscar | cognōscerer | cognitus sim | cognitus essem |
| 2 sg | cognōscāris | cognōscerēris | cognitus sīs | cognitus essēs |
| 3 sg | cognōscātur | cognōscerētur | cognitus sit | cognitus esset |
| 1 pl | cognōscāmur | cognōscerēmur | cognitī sīmus | cognitī essēmus |
| 2 pl | cognōscāminī | cognōscerēminī | cognitī sītis | cognitī essētis |
| 3 pl | cognōscantur | cognōscerentur | cognitī sint | cognitī essent |
Imperative: cognōsce, cognōscite; future cognōscitō, cognōscitōte, cognōscuntō
Passive imperative: cognōscere, cognōsciminī; future cognōscitor, cognōscuntor
Infinitive: present cognōscere, perfect cognōvisse, future cognitūrus esse
Passive infinitive: present cognōscī, perfect cognitus esse, future cognitum īrī
Participles: present cognōscēns (gen. cognōscentis); perfect passive cognitus, -a, -um; future cognitūrus, -a, -um
Gerund: cognōscendī, cognōscendō, cognōscendum; gerundive cognōscendus, -a, -um; supine cognitum, cognitū
Where you meet it
First met in passage 11, Mark 4:13.
Explained in the notes of 4 passages:
From Appendix B of the Greek and Latin with Jerome study companion · PDF page 320 · open the PDF here