John 1:9

Greek

ἦνaynτὸtoφῶςfohsτὸtoἀληθινὸνah-lay-thih-NONὃhoφωτίζειfoh-TEE-zayπάνταPAN-tahἄνθρωπονANTH-roh-ponἐρχόμενονer-KO-meh-nonεἰςaysτὸνtonκόσμον.KOS-mon

Latin

EratEH-ratlūxlooxvēra,WAY-rahquaekwaiillūminatih-LOO-mih-natomnemOM-nemhominemHO-mih-nemvenientemweh-nee-EN-temininhunchunkmundum.MUN-dum

English

There was the true light, which illumines every human being coming into the world.

Word by word

Greek	Latin	Note
ἦνfrom εἰμί, “to be”	Eratfrom sum	ἦν: was. Latin: erat.
τὸ φῶςfrom φῶς, “light”	lūx	τὸ φῶς: the light. Latin: lūx.
τὸ ἀληθινὸνfrom ἀληθινός, “true, real”	vērafrom vērus	τὸ ἀληθινόν: the true. Greek repeats the article: the light, the true one. Latin: vēra, from vērus, true.
ὃfrom ὅς, “who, which”	quaefrom quī	ὅ: which. Latin quae is feminine, like lūx.
φωτίζειfrom φωτίζω, “to give light”	illūminatfrom illūminō	φωτίζει: illumines, gives light to, from φωτίζω. Latin: illūminat, from illūminō.
πάνταfrom πᾶς, “all, every”	omnemfrom omnis	πάντα: every. Latin: omnem.
ἄνθρωπονfrom ἄνθρωπος, “man, person”	hominemfrom homō	ἄνθρωπον: human being. Latin: hominem.
ἐρχόμενονfrom ἔρχομαι, “to come”	venientemfrom veniō	ἐρχόμενον: coming. Latin: venientem.
εἰςall forms, “into”	inall forms	εἰς: into. Latin: in, with the accusative.
τὸν κόσμονfrom κόσμος, “world”	hunc mundumfrom mundus	τὸν κόσμον: the world, from κόσμος. Latin adds a word: hunc mundum, this world, from mundus.

New core words

Greek

κόσμος world; order; adornment

Latin

vērus true, real; (adv. vērē) truly mundus world; theuniverse

Greek core words met232 / 345 Latin core words met241 / 345

Watch it read aloud

In the video, Jerome reads this passage in Greek, then Latin, then English, and takes it apart word by word. It starts at or open it on YouTube.

**▶ Greek and Latin with Jerome: Reading the New Testament** Read the Greek New Testament and the Latin Vulgate side by side, word by word, with Saint Jerome: 124 passages in Bible order, each read in Greek, then Latin, then English, then taken apart word by word. Along the way you meet the 345 most common words of each New Testament, which make up more than three of every four words in it. More about this video → · All videos

Passage 72 of 124 in the Greek and Latin with Jerome study companion · PDF page 99 · open the PDF here