Languages · Flashcards

Remember it. Memento. Μνημόνευε.

The most common words of the Gospels in Koine Greek and Latin, and the real forms they take. Recall the answer first, then flip and rate yourself; each card comes back just before you would forget it.

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❓ How to get the most out of the flashcards
  1. Say the answer before you flip. Trying to remember, even when you can’t, is what makes a word stick. Then flip and grade yourself honestly.
  2. Grade each card. Again brings it back in a few cards. Hard, Good and Easy push it further out (the button shows when you’ll see it next). Cards you know well come back after days, then weeks; cards you miss come back soon. This is spaced repetition.
  3. Little and often. Ten minutes a day beats an hour once a week. Cards come shuffled by default. Choose Smart review under Order to see the cards that are due first, then a few new ones each day.
  4. Start with the most common words. The words are ranked by how often they occur in the four Gospels: the top 100 make up about 70% of the text, the top 500 nearly 90%, and All is every word in the Gospels except names. Word forms cover the 1,000 most common words.
  5. Then drill the forms. Word forms shows a real form from the Gospels (say, ἐλάλησεν) and asks what it is; Build the form gives the dictionary word and a description (“aorist active indicative, 3rd singular”) and asks you to produce it. Narrow either one to a tense, mood, voice, person, case or number to practise one pattern at a time, then mix them.
  6. Both languages: choose Greek + Latin and each vocabulary card becomes a three-sided prism. Tap to turn it: Greek, Latin and English, in the order you set. Only words with a clear match between the two languages are included.
  7. Every form is real. Forms come from the Greek New Testament and the Latin Vulgate, with an example phrase and reference, so you only learn forms that actually occur.
  8. Pronunciation: under each Greek word is the same word in Latin letters (παραδίδωμι → paradídōmi). The accent mark shows which syllable to stress; ē and ō are long e and o, ch is as in “loch”, and y is like French u. Latin is spelled as it sounds, so it has no separate guide.
  9. Save a card as a picture: the link under the card shows a preview, with a download button, of an image with the word, its pronunciation, its meaning and (if ticked) the forms of it that occur in the Gospels. On Greek + Latin cards the picture shows all three languages.
  10. Keys: Space or Enter flips; 1–4 grade (Again, Hard, Good, Easy); P plays the word aloud.
  11. Progress is saved only in this browser on this device.

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English: Scripture quotations are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. www.esv.org. English appears for a fixed set of 499 verses; English audio is read by your device's voice.

Koine Greek: Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament (public domain) with morphology and glosses from the MACULA Greek datasets (Biblica, CC BY 4.0) and definitions from the Dodson Greek Lexicon (public domain). Greek audio: Audio Greek New Testament (Westcott–Hort text), read by Marilyn Phemister, © 2001, used for non-commercial purposes with credit (Internet Archive). The recording follows Westcott–Hort, so a word may occasionally differ from the Nestle text shown.

Latin: Vulgate text, lemmas and grammar from the PROIEL Treebank (CC BY-NC-SA); definitions from William Whitaker’s Words. Latin audio uses your device’s Italian voice, which approximates the ecclesiastical pronunciation traditionally used for the Vulgate.

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