Harvey's Elementary Grammar and Composition · Lesson 25 · Part 1: Part I: The elementary course
24. The participle
Goal: Your child knows the three participles (present, perfect and compound) and can form them from a verb.
You'll need
- The book, open to this lesson
- Paper and a pencil (or a slate)
What's in the book
Lesson 25 is an oral lesson on "James saw the man plowing." It defines the participle and its three kinds and lists twenty-four verbs.
The lesson, step by step
Review
Ask: What is an adjective? What is a verb?
A word that does two jobs
SayJames saw the man plowing.
Ask: What was the man doing? Plowing tells something about the man, like an adjective, but it is also an action, like a verb.
Read:
A Participle is a word derived from a verb, partaking of the properties of a verb, and of an adjective or a noun.
Three participles
Read:
There are three Participles: the Present, the Perfect, and the Compound.
The present participle always ends in ing.
The perfect participle usually ends in d or ed, but frequently in n, en, or t.
The compound adds having: "Having learned the lesson, he recited it."
Oral practice
Say a verb; your child gives all three: write, writing, written, having written.
Write the book's verbs
Give the three participles for some of the book's verbs:
Go. Spell. Take. Suffer.
Write them in three columns.
Check together
Check with the answers. Notice the spelling changes: sit becomes sitting, hope becomes hoping.
Use it today
Find one word ending in ing in today's reading and decide if it describes a noun.
Answers to the book's problems
Present, perfect, compound: going, gone, having gone; spelling, spelled (or spelt), having spelled; taking, taken, having taken; suffering, suffered, having suffered; answering, answered, having answered; sitting, sat, having sat; hoping, hoped, having hoped; making, made, having made; enjoying, enjoyed, having enjoyed; demanding, demanded, having demanded; seeing, seen, having seen; growing, grown, having grown; learning, learned, having learned; reciting, recited, having recited; enchanting, enchanted, having enchanted; helping, helped, having helped; coming, come, having come; writing, written, having written; arriving, arrived, having arrived; resembling, resembled, having resembled; finding, found, having found; painting, painted, having painted; studying, studied, having studied; inquiring, inquired, having inquired.
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