Science · Astronomy · 1893

Sun, Moon, and Stars: Astronomy for Beginners

Agnes Giberne's friendly tour of the heavens for beginners (new and revised edition, 1893): the Sun and its family of planets, the Moon, comets and shooting stars, then the stars, clusters, nebulae and the Milky Way. 31 guides for children about 9 to 12 cover the whole book, with the right page beside each one, safe things to try, and short notes on what we know now.

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Turn this on to see every lesson as a simple checklist: what to get out, what to do and what to say, one line at a time.

How to use it

  • A little, often. One guide is one session of 25 to 40 minutes. Two or three a week covers the book in about a school term or two.
  • Look up as you go. Start a Moon diary in Part I and keep it going, and watch for the planets and stars each chapter names. A free planetarium app or website helps you find them; cloudy weeks are fine, just catch up later.
  • Never look at the Sun. Not even for a moment, and not through sunglasses, smoked glass, binoculars or a telescope. The guides show the Sun safely with a pinhole or a colander, and the book's own old advice about darkened glass is marked as unsafe.
  • What we know now. The book is from 1893. Most of it holds up well, but numbers of moons, what sunspots and nebulae are, and why the Sun shines have changed. Each guide adds short notes so you can read the book as written and still teach today's science.
  • Faith and science. Each chapter opens with a Bible verse, and the author often speaks of God as Creator. Read these as your family wishes; the guides keep to the astronomy.
  • Old words. The author writes 'billions' in the old British sense (a million millions, an American trillion) and calls the Sun 'he' and the Earth and Moon 'she'. The guides point these out where they matter.

Part 1 Part I: Our family in the sky, and its neighbors

The Earth as one planet among many, the Sun, gravity, day and night and the seasons, the planets, the Moon, comets, meteors, and the first steps out to the stars. Lessons 1–12.

  1. 1The Earth, one of a familyPart I, Ch. I✓
  2. 2The head of our family: the SunPart I, Ch. II✓
  3. 3What binds the family together: gravityPart I, Ch. III, part 1✓
  4. 4Day and night, and the seasonsPart I, Ch. III, part 2✓
  5. 5The inner planets and the asteroidsPart I, Ch. IV✓
  6. 6The giant planets, and a model you can walkPart I, Ch. V✓
  7. 7A pretend trip to the MoonPart I, Ch. VI✓
  8. 8Visitors: the cometsPart I, Ch. VII✓
  9. 9Little servants: shooting stars and meteoritesPart I, Ch. VIII✓
  10. 10Neighboring families: how many stars, and how far?Part I, Ch. IX, part 1✓
  11. 11The speed of light, and light that is years oldPart I, Ch. IX, part 2✓
  12. 12Our neighbors' movements: the Pole-star and moving sunsPart I, Ch. X✓

Part 2 Part II: A closer look at the Solar System

Orbits and ellipses, sunspots, eclipses, the Moon's phases and the tides, each planet in turn, and comets and meteor showers. Lessons 13–24.

  1. 13More about the Solar System: ellipses and a corkscrew pathPart II, Ch. I✓
  2. 14More about the Sun: sunspots and eclipsesPart II, Ch. II✓
  3. 15Yet more about the Sun: prominences, the corona, and the Sun's pullPart II, Ch. III✓
  4. 16More about the Moon: phases and eclipsesPart II, Ch. IV✓
  5. 17Yet more about the Moon: tides and the Moon's facePart II, Ch. V✓
  6. 18Mercury and Venus up closePart II, Ch. VI, part 1✓
  7. 19Mars, the red planetPart II, Ch. VI, part 2✓
  8. 20Jupiter, the giantPart II, Ch. VII✓
  9. 21Saturn and its ringsPart II, Ch. VIII✓
  10. 22Uranus and Neptune: a planet found with pencil and paperPart II, Ch. IX✓
  11. 23Comets and meteors: family tiesPart II, Ch. X✓
  12. 24More about comets: tails, dust and visitorsPart II, Ch. XI✓

Part 3 Part III: The stars

Many suns, famous stars, variable and double stars, clusters and nebulae, the Milky Way, reading starlight, and the lives of stars. Lessons 25–31.

  1. 25Many sunsPart III, Ch. I✓
  2. 26Some particular suns: 61 Cygni, Alpha Centauri and SiriusPart III, Ch. II✓
  3. 27Different kinds of suns: variable, new and double starsPart III, Ch. III✓
  4. 28Groups and clusters of suns, and the nebulaePart III, Ch. IV✓
  5. 29The Milky WayPart III, Ch. V✓
  6. 30Reading the light: the spectroscopePart III, Ch. VI✓
  7. 31Further thoughts: new stars, air, and the lives of starsPart III, Ch. VII✓

The book itself

Sun, Moon, and Stars

1893 revised edition (first published 1879) · About ages 9 to 13

Agnes Giberne's “astronomy for beginners”, a friendly tour of the Sun, the Moon, the planets and the stars, written for children and grown-ups alike. Revised by the author to bring it up to date in 1893.

Scanned from a Library of Congress copy.

Guides follow the book's three Parts and their chapters in order; the book's own chapter is shown beside each title, and a few long chapters are split into two sessions. The guides are written for this site; the book is in the public domain.

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