Ray's New Primary Arithmetic · Lesson XIX · Unit 3: Addition
19. Adding 9 (sums to 19)
Goal: Your child knows by heart every fact that adds 9 to a number from 1 to 10, and uses them in story problems.
You'll need
- About 20 small counters: dried beans, buttons, pennies or pebbles (the book suggests marbles, beans or pebbles)
- A slate, small whiteboard or paper and pencil
What's in the book
The table of facts with 9, from "9 and 1 are 10" to "9 and 10 are 19", with the turned-around facts, then about nine short story problems. The first problem has a worked solution.
The lesson, step by step
Warm up
Ask five quick facts from the earlier tables, out of order. Note any that are slow; they go in tomorrow's warm-up.
Build it with counters
Put out a group of 9. Add 1 more and ask how many. Then start again with 9 and add 2, then 3, and so on.
Say each one as a full sentence: "9 and 1 are 10. 9 and 2 are 11."
Read the table
Open the book page and read the table together. Then your child reads it alone.
Cover and recall
Cover the answers with a card. Ask the facts out of order. Include the turned-around ones: "3 and 9" is the same as "9 and 3".
Story problems
Read the problems on the page aloud, one at a time. They go like this:
A cat caught 9 mice one day, and 2 the next: how many did she catch in both days?
George and Henry have 9 cents each: how many cents have both?
Your child answers in a full sentence, the way the worked solution does.
Write a few
Your child writes five facts from this table on the slate from memory.
Wrap up
One last quick round of the three facts that were hardest today.
Afterwards
Two minutes on this table each day until all its facts come instantly, then move on.
Tip
Adding 9 is adding 10, then one less: 9 and 5 are 14.