Ray's New Practical Arithmetic · Arts. 14–17 · Unit 2: Addition

7. Adding without carrying

Goal: Your child knows the words sum, plus and equals and adds numbers whose columns don't carry.

⏱ About 35 minutes · 6 steps

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You'll need

  • The book
  • A slate, small whiteboard or scrap paper
  • A notebook and pencil

What's in the book

Definitions for the fundamental rules, a few mental addition problems, the definition of addition and its signs, then adding numbers whose columns each total 9 or less.

The lesson, step by step

  1. Warm-up

    Do the book's mental problems aloud:

    If you have 2 cents and find 3 cents, how many will you then have?

    I spent 12 cents for a slate, and 5 cents for a copy-book: how many cents did I spend?

    Answers are printed after each one.

  2. The idea

    Read the definition.

    Addition is the process of uniting two or more numbers into one number.

    The number obtained by addition is the Sum or Amount,

    Show the signs: + is plus, = is equals. Write 4 + 3 = 7 and read it aloud.

  3. Line up the columns

    SayUnits go under units, tens under tens, hundreds under hundreds.

    When the sum of the figures in a column does not exceed 9, it is written under the column.

  4. Work an example together

    Work the book's example:

    I owe one man $210, another $142, and another $35: what is the sum of my debts?

    Write the numbers in columns, add units (0 + 2 + 5 = 7), tens (1 + 4 + 3 = 8), hundreds (2 + 1 = 3). The sum is $387.

  5. Guided practice

    Do the next two together:

    Find the sum of 4321, 1254, 3120.

    Find the sum of 50230, 3105, 423.

    Check against the printed answers (8695 and 53758).

  6. Wrap-up

    Mental: 20 + 30 + 40? (90.) 300 + 200 + 100? (600.) 41 + 25? (66.)

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