Latin for Beginners · Lesson LX · Part 12: Numbers and deponent verbs
60. Deponent verbs; prepositions with the accusative
Goal: Your child recognizes deponent verbs (passive forms, active meanings) and translates them correctly.
You'll need
- The book: the lesson pages, plus the special vocabulary at the back of the book
- A notebook and pencil
- Index cards for new words
What's in the book
Deponent verbs (§ 338) and the principal parts of a model verb from each conjugation (§ 339), a list of prepositions with the accusative, eleven Latin and seven English sentences, and a pointer to the Seventh Review (Lessons LIII to LX, §§ 524 to 526). Vocabulary on page 298: the last new vocabulary in the book.
The lesson, step by step
Warm up
Your child conjugates the present passive of portō: portor, portāris, portātur, and so on.
The new idea
A deponent verb has passive endings but an active meaning. The book says they are passive in form but active in meaning. hortor means 'I encourage', not 'I am encouraged'. The models from § 339:
hortor, hortārī, hortātus sum, encourage
vereor, verērī, veritus sum, fear
sequor, sequī, secūtus sum, follow
Also patior (suffer, allow) and partior (share). Learn their synopses from § 493.
Prepositions
Read the list of prepositions that take the accusative. Most are old friends; mark the new ones and learn those.
Vocabulary
Page 298. Some of the words:
cōnor, cōnārī, cōnātus sum, attempt, try
moror, morārī, morātus sum, delay
proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sum, set out
undique, adv., from all sides
Latin to English
Translate the eleven sentences. Two of them:
Quis eōs hortātus est?
Fortissimae gentēs Galliae ex Germānīs oriēbantur.
Translate every deponent as active.
English to Latin
Write the seven sentences. A footnote asks: will this be a deponent or an active form?
Wrap-up
Your child gives the principal parts of hortor and sequor. Memorize the deponents and the new words. Spend the next day on the Seventh Review at the back of the book.
Afterwards
This is the last new vocabulary in the book. Before Part III, spend a day or two on the Seventh Review and on old word cards.
Answers to the book's problems
Some numbered items are a question and its answer. 1. Three of the lieutenants, contrary to Caesar's expectation, were afraid to march through the enemy's territory. 2. Who encouraged them? The general encouraged them and tried to persuade them, but he could not. 3. What terrified the lieutenants? Either fear of the enemy, who were pressing on all sides, or the length of the road terrified them. 4. Nevertheless almost all feared Caesar much more than the enemy. 5. The bravest tribes of Gaul were descended from the Germans. 6. Why were they so brave? Because they did not allow wine or other things which destroy courage to be brought to them. 7. Caesar inquired of the traders about the island of Britain, but could learn nothing. 8. And so he himself decided to go to this land, and about the middle of summer he set out with many warships. 9. He completed the voyage with great speed and landed in a very favorable place. 10. The barbarians tried with all their might to keep him from the island. 11. But he pursued the barbarians many miles; yet without cavalry he could not overtake them.
Worked out for this site from the scan. If a number in your copy differs, trust the book.