Latin for Beginners · Lesson X · Part 2: Nouns and adjectives of the first two declensions
10. Second-declension adjectives; apposition
Goal: Your child declines a noun and adjective together in the second declension, and puts a noun in apposition in the same case.
You'll need
- The book, open to this lesson
- The special vocabulary page for this lesson (near the back of the book; the lesson tells you the page)
- A notebook for Latin, and a pencil
- Index cards for new words (optional)
What's in the book
The masculine and neuter adjective forms, shown in dominus bonus and pīlum bonum. Then apposition (Sextus, the lieutenant), with eleven Latin exercises and six English sentences.
The lesson, step by step
Review
Chant dominus and pīlum.
Adjectives in -us and -um
Adjectives like bonus decline like dominus in the masculine and like pīlum in the neuter. The book declines them together:
dominus bonus, dominī bonī, dominō bonō, dominum bonum, dominō bonō, domine bone
pīlum bonum, pīlī bonī, pīlō bonō, pīlum bonum, pīlō bonō
Apposition
In "Sextus, the lieutenant, carries a spear", the lieutenant is just another name for Sextus. Latin puts it in the same case. Read section 81.
Vocabulary
From the special vocabulary for Lesson X:
amīcus, friend
patria, fatherland
populus, people
vīcus, village
also Germānia (Germany) and Rhēnus (the Rhine).
Latin to English
Exercise I. The first five are phrases; the rest are sentences, such as:
Sextus lēgātus pīlum longum portat.
Mārcus nauta in īnsulā Siciliā habitat.
English to Latin
Exercise II. Look for the words in apposition ("Galba, your master") and keep them in the same case.
Wrap up
Your child declines amīcus bonus aloud.
Answers to the book's problems
Exercise I: 1. The fatherland of the good slave, the village of the good slaves, O good people. 2. The people of the large town, in the large town, in the large towns. 3. With long spears, to the long spears, to the wide walls. 4. O wicked lieutenant, the friends of the wicked lieutenant, a dinner pleasing to the good master. 5. The grain of the small horses, O good master, to the famous lieutenants. 6. The Rhine is in Germany, my fatherland. 7. Sextus the lieutenant carries a long spear. 8. The good townspeople give money to Sextus, the famous lieutenant. 9. The wicked slaves kill the good horse of Marcus, their master. 10. Galba the farmer and Julia, his good daughter, work. 11. Marcus the sailor lives on the island of Sicily.
Worked out for this site from the scan. If a number in your copy differs, trust the book.