Geography Ladder · Middle school · Grade 5–10
World Geography
Latitude and longitude, map projections and time zones, the physical world, climates and biomes, every country and capital by region, and the world's people and largest cities.
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Unit 1 Latitude and Longitude
9 topics
The grid of parallels and meridians that gives every place on Earth an address in degrees.
Unit 2 Maps and Projections
8 topics
Why every flat map stretches something, what Mercator, equal-area and compromise maps each keep, map scale, and the kinds of maps.
Unit 3 Time Around the World
3 topics
Why there are time zones, how to work out the time elsewhere, and the International Date Line.
Unit 4 The Physical World
8 topics
Continents compared, oceans and seas, the great rivers, mountains, deserts, lakes, islands, peninsulas and straits.
Unit 5 Climate and Biomes
5 topics
What controls climate, the world's climate zones, reading a climograph, and the biomes that grow in each climate.
Unit 6 Countries of the World
2 topics
How many countries there are and why the count depends on who is counting, and which countries have no coast.
Unit 7 North America, Central America and the Caribbean, South America
7 topics
Countries, capitals and physical features of the Americas.
Unit 8 Europe
9 topics
Countries, capitals and physical features of Northern, Western, Southern and Eastern Europe.
Unit 9 Africa
9 topics
Countries, capitals and physical features of North, West, Central, East and Southern Africa.
Unit 10 Asia
8 topics
Countries, capitals and physical features of Southwest, Central, South, East and Southeast Asia.
Unit 11 Oceania and Antarctica
3 topics
Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific island countries, and the continent with no countries.
Unit 12 People and Cities of the World
5 topics
Where the world's eight billion people live: the most populous countries, the largest countries, crowding, and the largest cities.