Egyptology Ladder · College

Middle Egyptian I

A first semester of the classical language: the signs, transliteration, nouns, adjectives, pronouns, prepositions, sentences without verbs, numbers, royal names and the offering formula.

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56 topics in 11 units. Builds on Ancient Egypt for Young Explorers. Leads to Middle Egyptian II. Not sure this is the right course? Find your rung.

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Unit 1 The Language and Its Script

7 topics

What Middle Egyptian is, the kinds of signs, and how hieroglyphs are arranged and read.

  1. What Egyptian Is
  2. The Stages of Egyptian
  3. Why Learn Middle Egyptian
  4. Three Kinds of Signs
  5. Reading Direction
  6. Groups and Quadrats
  7. Writing Without Vowels

Unit 2 The Alphabet and Transliteration

8 topics

The 24 one-consonant signs, the transliteration alphabet, typing it in the Manuel de Codage, and how Egyptologists say words aloud.

  1. The Alphabet I: ꜣ j y ꜥ w
  2. The Alphabet II: b p f m n
  3. The Alphabet III: r h ḥ ḫ ẖ
  4. The Alphabet IV: z s š q k g
  5. The Alphabet V: t ṯ d ḏ
  6. Transliteration and Its Order
  7. Typing Transliteration (the Manuel de Codage)
  8. Saying Words Aloud

Unit 3 Two- and Three-Consonant Signs

6 topics

Biliterals and triliterals, phonetic complements, and reading whole words.

  1. Biliteral Signs
  2. More Biliterals
  3. Triliteral Signs
  4. Phonetic Complements
  5. Reading Whole Words
  6. One Word, Many Spellings

Unit 4 Word Signs and Determinatives

5 topics

Logograms with the stroke, determinatives, honorific transposition and ways of writing the plural.

  1. Logograms and the Stroke
  2. Determinatives
  3. Common Determinatives
  4. Honorific Transposition
  5. Writing the Plural

Unit 5 Nouns

5 topics

Gender, number and the two ways of saying "of".

  1. Masculine and Feminine
  2. The Plural
  3. The Dual
  4. The Direct Genitive
  5. The Indirect Genitive

Unit 6 Adjectives and Demonstratives

4 topics

Adjectives that agree, nisbes, nb "every", and "this" and "that".

  1. Adjectives
  2. Nisbe Adjectives
  3. nb, "Every"
  4. This and That

Unit 7 Pronouns

4 topics

Suffix, dependent and independent pronouns and where each one goes.

  1. Suffix Pronouns
  2. Using Suffix Pronouns
  3. Dependent Pronouns
  4. Independent Pronouns

Unit 8 Prepositions

3 topics

The simple prepositions, prepositions with suffixes, and compound prepositions.

  1. The Simple Prepositions
  2. Prepositions with Pronouns
  3. Compound Prepositions

Unit 9 Sentences Without Verbs

5 topics

Adverbial, nominal and adjectival sentences, with jw and mk.

  1. The Adverbial Sentence
  2. jw and mk
  3. The Nominal Sentence
  4. Sentences with pw
  5. The Adjectival Sentence

Unit 10 Numbers and Dates

3 topics

Writing and reading numerals, counting things, and dating by regnal year.

  1. Numerals
  2. Counting Things
  3. Writing a Date

Unit 11 Royal Names, Offerings and Titles

6 topics

The king's five names, cartouches, the offering formula, and the titles and epithets on monuments.

  1. The Five Royal Names
  2. Cartouches and Their Titles
  3. Reading Royal Names
  4. The Offering Formula
  5. Bread, Beer and the Voice Offering
  6. Titles and Epithets
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