Archaeology and Later Scripts

What Greek and Roman writers knew, how the script was forgotten, and the expedition that sparked Egyptology.

1. Egypt in Greek and Roman Eyes
2. A Script Forgotten
3. Obelisks on the Move
4. Napoleon's Expedition

The Rosetta Stone, Thomas Young, Champollion, and how the system was proved.

1. The Rosetta Stone
2. Thomas Young
3. Champollion's Breakthrough
4. How the Code Was Cracked
5. A Mixed System
6. Proving It: Lepsius and the Canopus Decree

From collectors to scientific excavation: Mariette, Petrie, seriation, stratigraphy and Carter's KV62.

1. Collectors and the Antiquities Trade
2. Mariette and the Antiquities Service
3. Flinders Petrie's Methods
4. Seriation (Sequence Dating)
5. Stratigraphy
6. Carter and KV62
7. Context and Recording

Relative and absolute dates, radiocarbon, thermoluminescence and dating by texts.

1. Relative and Absolute Dates
2. Radiocarbon Dating
3. Luminescence Dating
4. Dating by Texts and Styles

Recording inscriptions accurately, and the conventions for damaged and restored signs.

1. Recording Inscriptions
2. From Tracing to 3-D Scanning
3. Brackets for Damage and Restoration

Where Egyptian objects are, the debate over returning them, and the laws that govern them.

1. Where Egyptian Objects Are
2. The Debate Over Returning Objects
3. Laws on Antiquities

Survey from the air and space, science in the lab, the Nubian rescue campaign, and Egyptian Egyptologists.

1. Survey from the Air and Space
2. Science in the Lab
3. The Nubian Rescue
4. Egyptian Egyptologists

The cursive script of everyday writing on papyrus and ostraca.

1. What Hieratic Is
2. What Was Written in Hieratic
3. Reading Hieratic

The language of the New Kingdom and the texts written in it.

1. Late Egyptian
2. Late Egyptian Texts

The script and language of the Late Period and after.

1. The Demotic Script
2. Demotic Texts
3. Demotic on the Rosetta Stone

The last stage of Egyptian, written in an alphabet of Greek letters and letters from Demotic.

1. Where Coptic Comes From
2. The Coptic Alphabet
3. The Letters from Demotic
4. What Coptic Tells Us
5. Coptic Dialects and Coptic Today

The last hieroglyphic and Demotic inscriptions, and the Meroitic script of Kush.

1. The Last Hieroglyphic Inscription
2. The Last Demotic
3. Meroitic, the Script of Kush